Using Statistics in Lexical Analysis
نویسندگان
چکیده
The computational tools available for studying machine-readable corpora are at present still rather primitive. In the more advanced lexicographic organizations, there are concordancing programs (see figure below), which are basically KWIC (key word in context (Aho et al., 1988, p. 122), (Salton, 1989, p. 384)) indexes with additional features such as the ability to extend the context, sort leftwards as well as rightwards, and so on. There is very little interactive software. The lack of interactive software is perhaps part of the reason why dictionaries produced in the United States pay little attention to machine-readable corpora, and are based on collections of selected citations, augmented by introspection, rather than analysis of whole texts. The situation is somewhat different in Britain. British lexicographers, especially those working on dictionaries for foreign learners, are beginning to depend heavily on machine-readable corpora. They use these corpora and the basic concordancing tool mentioned above to fill in detailed syntactic descriptions (prompting a move, that will probably dominate lexicography in the 1990s, towards more thorough descriptions of lexical syntax). In the Cobuild project of the 1980s, for example, the typical procedure was that a lexicographer was given the concordances for a word or group of words, marked up the printout with colored pens in order to identify the salient senses, and then wrote syntactic descriptions and definitions.
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تاریخ انتشار 1991